Avascular necrosis

PLASTIC RAGS
Pancreatitis
Lupus
Alcohol
Steroids
Trauma
Idiopathic, Infection
Caisson disease, Collagen vascular disease
Radiation, Rheumatoid arthritis
Amyloid
Gaucher disease
Sickle cell disease



Salter Harris Classification

SALTR
Slipped (Type I)
Above (Type II) - 75% Meta
Lower (Type III) Epi
Through (Type IV) Both
Rammed (Type V) Crush

Elbow ossification

Elbow ossification centers, in sequence CRITOE:
Capitellum
Radial head
Internal epicondyle
Trochlea
Olecranon
External epicondyle
· In order: appear at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
years; each closes 2 years later.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis: x-ray signs LOSS:
Loss of joint space
Osteopyhtes
Subcondral sclerosis
Subchondral cysts

Giant cell tumour..10 E

shared by Ram Prasad Bhati

Epiphyseal
Eccentric
Egg shell crackling
Expansile
En block Excision is Rx
Erosion of cortex
Edema n pain r main cmplaints
End f tibia femur and radius are common sites
Entry into adjacent areas absent (no metastasis)
"Ek" lesion (solitory)

Causes of Osteoporosis

Causes of osteoporosis are ACCESS :

Alcohol
Corticosteroids
Calcium deficiency (low intake)
Estrogen deficiency
Smoking
Sedentary Lifestyle

Osteoporosis treatment

(shared by Saranya Thulasidoss )

A to H 

A= alandronate androgen 

B=braces 

C=calcitonin calcium supplement

D=D vitamin 

E=estrogens 

F=fluoride 

G=gradual increase in weight bearing

H=High protein diet

Posterior dislocation of hip joint. .clinical features

Posterior dislocation of hip joint. .clinical features (shared by Govind Madhaw)

'FIRSt Add'

F-flexion
IR-internal rotation
St-shortening of limb
Add- adduction

Orbit (bones of medial wall):

My Little Eye Sits in the orbit
Maxilla (frontal process)
Lacrimal
Ethmoid

Sphenoid (body)

Arthritis: Causes

 "HINTS"

• Hemorrhage (due to trauma/hemophilia)
• Inflammatory (rheumatoid arthritis, crystals due to gout, psoriasis)
• Noninflammatory (osteoarthritis)
• Trauma/Tumour
• Septic arthritis

A fine collection of billingsgates in a glass fronted display box

Carpal tunnel syndrome: treatment

 WRIST:
Wear splints at night
Rest
Inject steroid
Surgical decompression
Take diuretics

GEOMED

Tumours- site of origin
G-Giant cell tmr
E-Epiphysis
O-Osteosarcoma
M-Metaphysis
E-Ewings tmr
D-Diaphysis

Growing end of bones

towards the knee(distal end femur ,upper end tibia),we flee.
away from elbow(upper end humerus,distal end radius &ulna),we go.

osteoblastic bone metastasis

5 BEES LICK POLLEN
 
Brain(medulloblastoma)
Bronchus
Breast
Bowel
Bladder
Lymphoma
Prostrate

triple deformity causes

triple deformity t-trauma.tb r-RA i-iliotibial contracture p-polio l e-extravasation of blood i.e hemarthrosis

Nonunion of bones: differential

You need a SPLINT:
Soft tissue interposition
Position of reduction (too much traction, immobilization, or movement)
Location (eg. lower third of tibia slow to heal)
Infection
Nutritional (damaged vessels or diseased bone)
Tumor (pathological fracture)

Sacroiliitis: causes

 PUB CAR:
Psoriasis
Ulcerative colitis
Behcet's disease
Crohn's disease
Ankylosing spondylitis
Reiter's disease

Diaphyseal lesions

FEMALE "

• Fibrous dysplasia
• Eosinophilic granuloma
• Metastasis
• Adamantinoma
• Leukaemia, Lymphoma
• Ewing's sarcoma

Carpal tunnel syndrome: Causes

MEDIAN TRAP"

• Myxoedema
• Edema premenstrually
• Diabetes mellitus
• Idiopathic
• Acromegaly
• Neoplasm

• Trauma
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Amyloidosis
• Pregnancy

Bryant's traction: position BrYant's traction:

Bent Y.
· Patient's body is the stem of the Y laying on the bed, and legs are the ends of the Y up in the air.